147 lines
6.3 KiB
Plaintext
147 lines
6.3 KiB
Plaintext
@database whois.guide
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@author Carsten Larsen
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@(c) Carsten Larsen
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@$VER: whois.guide 1.37 (21.11.2015)
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@node Main "whois manual"
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@title "whois manual"
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NAME
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whois -- Internet domain name and network number directory service
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SYNOPSIS
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whois [-aAbfgiIklmQrR] [-c country-code | -h host] [-p port] name ...
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DESCRIPTION
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The whois utility looks up records in the databases maintained by several
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Network Information Centers (NICs).
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The options are as follows:
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-a Use the American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) database.
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It contains network numbers used in those parts of the world cov-
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ered neither by APNIC, AfriNIC, LACNIC, nor by RIPE.
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(Hint: All point of contact handles in the ARIN whois database
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end with "-ARIN".)
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-A Use the Asia/Pacific Network Information Center (APNIC) database.
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It contains network numbers used in East Asia, Australia, New
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Zealand, and the Pacific islands.
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-b Use the Network Abuse Clearinghouse database. It contains
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addresses to which network abuse should be reported, indexed by
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domain name.
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-c country-code
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This is the equivalent of using the -h option with an argument of
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"country-code.whois-servers.net".
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-f Use the African Network Information Centre (AfriNIC) database.
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It contains network numbers used in Africa and the islands of the
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western Indian Ocean.
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-g Use the US non-military federal government database, which con-
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tains points of contact for subdomains of .GOV.
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-h host
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Use the specified host instead of the default variant. Either a
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host name or an IP address may be specified.
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By default whois constructs the name of a whois server to use
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from the top-level domain (TLD) of the supplied (single) argu-
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ment, and appending ".whois-servers.net". This effectively
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allows a suitable whois server to be selected automatically for a
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large number of TLDs.
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In the event that an IP address is specified, the whois server
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will default to the American Registry for Internet Numbers
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(ARIN). If a query to ARIN references APNIC, AfriNIC, LACNIC, or
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RIPE, that server will be queried also, provided that the -Q
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option is not specified.
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If the query is not a domain name or IP address, whois will fall
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back to whois.crsnic.net.
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-i Use the Network Solutions Registry for Internet Numbers
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(whois.networksolutions.com) database. It contains network num-
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bers and domain contact information for most of .COM, .NET, .ORG
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and .EDU domains.
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NOTE! The registration of these domains is now done by a number
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of independent and competing registrars and this database holds
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no information on the domains registered by organizations other
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than Network Solutions, Inc. Also, note that the InterNIC data-
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base (whois.internic.net) is no longer handled by Network Solu-
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tions, Inc. For details, see http://www.internic.net/.
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(Hint: Contact information, identified by the term handle, can be
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looked up by prefixing "handle " to the NIC handle in the query.)
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-I Use the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) database. It
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contains network information for top-level domains.
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-k Use the National Internet Development Agency of Korea's (KRNIC)
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database. It contains network numbers and domain contact infor-
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mation for Korea.
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-l Use the Latin American and Caribbean IP address Regional Registry
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(LACNIC) database. It contains network numbers used in much of
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Latin America and the Caribbean.
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-m Use the Route Arbiter Database (RADB) database. It contains
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route policy specifications for a large number of operators' net-
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works.
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-p port
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Connect to the whois server on port. If this option is not spec-
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ified, whois defaults to port 43.
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-Q Do a quick lookup. This means that whois will not attempt to
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lookup the name in the authoritative whois server (if one is
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listed). This option has no effect when combined with any other
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options.
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-r Use the R'eseaux IP Europ'eens (RIPE) database. It contains net-
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work numbers and domain contact information for Europe.
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-R Use the Russia Network Information Center (RIPN) database. It
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contains network numbers and domain contact information for sub-
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domains of .RU. This option is deprecated; use the -c option
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with an argument of "RU" instead.
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The operands specified to whois are treated independently and may be used
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as queries on different whois servers.
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EXIT STATUS
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The whois utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
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EXAMPLES
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Most types of data, such as domain names and IP addresses, can be used as
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arguments to whois without any options, and whois will choose the correct
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whois server to query. Some exceptions, where whois will not be able to
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handle data correctly, are detailed below.
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To obtain contact information about an administrator located in the Rus-
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sian TLD domain "RU", use the -c option as shown in the following exam-
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ple, where CONTACT-ID is substituted with the actual contact identifier.
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whois -c RU CONTACT-ID
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(Note: This example is specific to the TLD "RU", but other TLDs can be
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queried by using a similar syntax.)
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The following example demonstrates how to query a whois server using a
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non-standard port, where ``query-data'' is the query to be sent to
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``whois.example.com'' on port ``rwhois'' (written numerically as 4321).
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whois -h whois.example.com -p rwhois query-data
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SEE ALSO
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Ken Harrenstien and Vic White, NICNAME/WHOIS, 1 March 1982, RFC 812.
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HISTORY
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The whois command appeared in 4.3BSD.
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October 2, 2009
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@endnode
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