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Switch back to ASCII for symbols.
Garrett Wollman reported privately that XEmacs 21.4.22, the current stable version, doesn't work with the UTF-8 recently introduced into our commentary. For example, the UTF-8 character '−' (MINUS SIGN), which is stored as the three bytes "\342\210\222", displays as 'â\210\222'. For proper names this is annoying but tolerable, as there's little loss in utility from (say) 'Racoviță' to its display form 'RacoviÈ\233Ä\203'. But for symbols this is a real pain that can make it hard to understand the documentation, e.g., 'Release 2014e – 2014-06-12 21:53:52 −0700' displays as 'Release 2014e â\200\223 2014-06-12 21:53:52 â\210\2220700'. To work around this problem, make the following substitutions in commentary to mostly revert these symbols to their pre-UTF-8 versions: '§' -> 'section', '°' -> 'degrees', '±' -> '+-', '–' -> '-' (en dash), '—' -> '--' (em dash), '′' -> "'", '″' -> '"', '→' -> '->', '−' -> '-' (minus sign), '≤' -> '<='. Leave proper names and foreign words in UTF-8.
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36
africa
36
africa
@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
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# I found in the UCLA library.
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#
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# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
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# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173–94
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# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
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# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
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#
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# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
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@ -40,20 +40,20 @@
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# the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa".
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# He has heard of "Western Sahara Time" for +0:00 but can find no reference.
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#
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# To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for −1:00 long ago;
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# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for −1:00,
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# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in −1:00.
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# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of −1:00 on the African
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# To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
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# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
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# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
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# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
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# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
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#
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# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
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# −1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used)
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# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used)
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# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
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# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time
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# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time
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# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
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# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time
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# I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both −1:00 and 1:00
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# I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
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# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
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# until we get more information.
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#
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@ -306,12 +306,12 @@ Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 -
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# (at least today).
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# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20):
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# According to News from Egypt – Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has
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# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has
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# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during
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# Ramadan.
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#
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# Arabic translation:
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# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan – and then forward again"
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# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again"
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# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again
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# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html
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@ -479,8 +479,8 @@ Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
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# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
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# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
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# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
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# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report −0:44, whereas Howse and
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# Whitman each report −0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
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# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
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# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
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-0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
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@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
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# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the
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# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on
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# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the
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# year 2008–2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008
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# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008
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# and end on 29 March 2009.
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# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07):
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@ -1020,11 +1020,11 @@ Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
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# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
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# We have no info about their time zone histories.
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#
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# Bassas da India – uninhabited
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# Europa Island – inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
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# Glorioso Is – inhabited until at least 1958
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# Juan de Nova – uninhabited
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# Tromelin – inhabited until at least 1958
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# Bassas da India - uninhabited
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# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
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# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
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# Juan de Nova - uninhabited
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# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
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# Rwanda
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@ Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
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# Sierra Leone
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# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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# Whitman gives Mar 31 – Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
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# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
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Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
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Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
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Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
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