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Be less enthusiastic about Shanks and clarify UT vs UTC.

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* africa, asia, australasia, backzone, europe, northamerica:
* southamerica, tz-link.htm: Be less enthusiastic about Shanks.
* tz-link.htm: Be clearer about UT vs UTC.
* NEWS: Document this.
This commit is contained in:
Paul Eggert
2014-10-31 19:51:05 -07:00
parent 8f81b94ebe
commit bee436b03e
9 changed files with 68 additions and 50 deletions
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5
NEWS
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@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes
longer guess that Pyongyang mimicked Seoul time after World War II, longer guess that Pyongyang mimicked Seoul time after World War II,
as this is politically implausible. as this is politically implausible.
Changes affecting commentary
The commentary is less enthusiastic about Shanks as a source,
and is more careful to distinguish UT from UTC.
Release 2014i - 2014-10-21 22:04:57 -0700 Release 2014i - 2014-10-21 22:04:57 -0700

9
africa
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@ -8,18 +8,17 @@
# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
# #
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
# #
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990. # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
# # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
# #
# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which

11
asia
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@ -6,20 +6,19 @@
# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
# #
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
# #
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990. # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
# # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
# #
# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which

12
australasia
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@ -797,19 +797,19 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is #
# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
# #
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990. # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
# # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
# #
# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which

5
backzone
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@ -24,11 +24,10 @@
# replaced by links as their data entries were questionable and/or they # replaced by links as their data entries were questionable and/or they
# differed from other zones only in pre-1970 time stamps. # differed from other zones only in pre-1970 time stamps.
# Unless otherwise specified, the source for the data is the following, # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
# which does not itself cite sources and is often wrong:
#
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
# This file is not intended to be compiled standalone, as it # This file is not intended to be compiled standalone, as it
# assumes rules from other files. In the tz distribution, use # assumes rules from other files. In the tz distribution, use

9
europe
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@ -6,16 +6,19 @@
# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
# From Paul Eggert (2014-05-31): # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is #
# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
# #
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990. # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
# #
# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).

12
northamerica
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@ -991,19 +991,19 @@ Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
################################################################################ ################################################################################
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is #
# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
# #
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990. # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
# # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
# #
# Other sources occasionally used include: # Other sources occasionally used include:
# #

18
southamerica
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@ -6,23 +6,23 @@
# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is #
# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
# # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
# http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
# #
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990. # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
# #
# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
# http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
# #
# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and # Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote # ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote

37
tz-link.htm
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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="UTF-8"'> <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="UTF-8"'>
<meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul"> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul">
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David"> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David">
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2014-10-21"> <meta name="DC.Date" content="2014-10-31">
<meta name="DC.Description" <meta name="DC.Description"
content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time"> content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time">
<meta name="DC.Identifier" <meta name="DC.Identifier"
@ -26,9 +26,7 @@ that represent the history of local time
for many representative locations around the globe. for many representative locations around the globe.
It is updated periodically to reflect changes made by political bodies It is updated periodically to reflect changes made by political bodies
to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone">time zone</a> to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone">time zone</a>
boundaries, <a boundaries and
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time"><abbr
title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</abbr></a> offsets, and
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight_saving">daylight-saving</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight_saving">daylight-saving</a>
rules. rules.
This database (often called <code>zoneinfo</code> or This database (often called <code>zoneinfo</code> or
@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ title="Virtual Memory System">VMS</abbr></a>,
X</abbr></a>, and X</abbr></a>, and
<a href="http://oracle.com/solaris">Solaris</a>.</p> <a href="http://oracle.com/solaris">Solaris</a>.</p>
<p> <p>
Each location in the database represents a national region where all Each location in the database represents a region where all
clocks keeping local time have agreed since 1970. clocks keeping local time have agreed since 1970.
Locations are identified by continent or ocean and then by the name of Locations are identified by continent or ocean and then by the name of
the location, which is typically the largest city within the region. the location, which is typically the largest city within the region.
@ -86,6 +84,18 @@ implementation set the <code><abbr>TZ</abbr></code>
environment variable to the location's full name, environment variable to the location's full name,
e.g., <code><abbr>TZ</abbr>="America/New_York"</code>.</p> e.g., <code><abbr>TZ</abbr>="America/New_York"</code>.</p>
<p> <p>
Associated with each region is a history of offsets from
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Time">Universal
Time</a> (<abbr>UT</abbr>), which is <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time">Greenwich Mean
Time</a> (<abbr>GMT</abbr>) with days beginning at midnight;
for time stamps after 1960 this is more precisely <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time">Coordinated
Universal Time</a> (<abbr>UTC</abbr>).
The database also records when daylight saving time was in use,
along with alphabetic time zone abbreviations such as <abbr>EST</abbr>
for Eastern Standard Time in the <abbr>US</abbr>.</p>
<p>
In the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database's In the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database's
<a href="ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/"><abbr <a href="ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/"><abbr
title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</abbr> releases</a> title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</abbr> releases</a>
@ -297,8 +307,8 @@ license.</li>
<abbr>API</abbr> is upward compatible with standard JavaScript <abbr>API</abbr> is upward compatible with standard JavaScript
Dates. It is freely available under the Apache License.</li> Dates. It is freely available under the Apache License.</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/sproutsocial/walltime-js">Walltime-js</a> <li><a href="https://github.com/sproutsocial/walltime-js">Walltime-js</a>
translates UTC to local time. It is freely available under the <abbr>MIT</abbr> translates <abbr>UT</abbr> to local time. It is freely available under
license.</li> the <abbr>MIT</abbr> license.</li>
</ul> </ul>
<li><a href="http://pytz.sourceforge.net">pytz &ndash; World Timezone <li><a href="http://pytz.sourceforge.net">pytz &ndash; World Timezone
Definitions for Python</a> compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into Definitions for Python</a> compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into
@ -336,7 +346,8 @@ This library is freely available under the
and is widely used in <abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux systems.</li> and is widely used in <abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux systems.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.gnome.org/">GNOME</a>'s Glib has <li><a href="http://www.gnome.org/">GNOME</a>'s Glib has
a <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> binary file reader written in C that a <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> binary file reader written in C that
creates a <code>GTimeZone</code> object representing sets of UTC offsets. creates a <code>GTimeZone</code> object representing sets
of <abbr>UT</abbr> offsets.
It is freely available under the <abbr>LGPL</abbr>.</li> It is freely available under the <abbr>LGPL</abbr>.</li>
<li><a href="http://bmsi.com/java/#TZ">ZoneInfo.java</a> <li><a href="http://bmsi.com/java/#TZ">ZoneInfo.java</a>
is a <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> binary file reader written in Java. is a <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> binary file reader written in Java.
@ -432,7 +443,10 @@ href="http://www.astrocom.com/astrology/books/american-atlas">one volume
for the <abbr>US</abbr></a>, and <a for the <abbr>US</abbr></a>, and <a
href="http://www.astrocom.com/astrology/books/international-atlas">one for href="http://www.astrocom.com/astrology/books/international-atlas">one for
other locations</a>) by <a other locations</a>) by <a
href="http://astrocom.com/">Astro Computing Services</a>.</li> href="http://astrocom.com/">Astro Computing Services</a>.
These atlases are extensive but unreliable, as Shanks appears to have
guessed many <abbr>UT</abbr> offsets and transitions. The atlases cite no
sources and do not indicate which entries are guesswork.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.hp.com/go/hpux/">HP-UX</a> has a database in <li><a href="http://www.hp.com/go/hpux/">HP-UX</a> has a database in
its own <code>tztab</code>(4) format.</li> its own <code>tztab</code>(4) format.</li>
<li>Microsoft Windows has proprietary data mentioned above.</li> <li>Microsoft Windows has proprietary data mentioned above.</li>
@ -626,9 +640,8 @@ specifies a <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol"><abbr>DHCP</abbr></a> href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol"><abbr>DHCP</abbr></a>
option for a server to configure option for a server to configure
a client's time zone and daylight saving settings automatically.</li> a client's time zone and daylight saving settings automatically.</li>
<li><a href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/GMT.UT.and.the.RGO.html">A Few <li><a href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/GMT.UT.and.the.RGO.html">A Few Facts
Facts Concerning <abbr title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</abbr>, <abbr Concerning <abbr>GMT</abbr>, <abbr>UT</abbr>, and
title="Universal Time">UT</abbr>, and
the <abbr title="Royal Greenwich Observatory">RGO</abbr></a> the <abbr title="Royal Greenwich Observatory">RGO</abbr></a>
answers questions like "What is the answers questions like "What is the
difference between <abbr>GMT</abbr> and <abbr>UTC</abbr>?"</li> difference between <abbr>GMT</abbr> and <abbr>UTC</abbr>?"</li>