From 0eda7e29b260392960f3b3747d3a6026dd05db5f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Arthur David Olson Date: Tue, 18 Jul 1989 14:47:03 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] official word on British Summer Time SCCS-file: europe SCCS-SID: 7.2 --- europe | 224 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 165 insertions(+), 59 deletions(-) diff --git a/europe b/europe index 1d2b07d..e681461 100644 --- a/europe +++ b/europe @@ -11,43 +11,119 @@ # United Kingdom -# From Arthur David Olson (January 19, 1989): +# From Peter Ilieve (peter@memex.co.uk) (July 4, 1989) # -# The starting and ending dates below (from which the rules are derived) -# are from Whitaker's Almanack for 1987, page 146. -# 1960 is the earliest year for which dates are given; -# Whitaker's notes that British Summer Time (and, in some years, Double Summer -# Time) was observed in earlier years but does not give start and end dates. +# From the UK Government paper "Summer Time: A Consultation Document" +# (HMSO Cm722 June 1989), which is about the possibility of the UK moving +# into the central European timezone and synchronising its summer time with +# the rest of Europe (by moving the end date back a month to end Sep., +# the start dates are already the same). +# +# Summer time was not observed before 1916. +# It was introduced in the First World War in response to its introduction +# by Germany in March 1916. +# During the Second World War normal summer time was used in Winter and double +# summer time was used in Summer. +# Between 1968 and 1971 GMT+1 was used all year as an experiment. +# This caused voluble objections in Scotland and the experiment was judged +# a failure. +# +# Although it does not say what happens in Europe, it does say that most +# of Europe did not use summer time until 1979, presumably dropping it +# after the 1st and/or 2nd war. +# +# Note that this is not necessarily accurate for Eire. +# +# The paper gives a complete record of dates from 1916, and dates up to 1992. +# The intention is to have the new system, if any, start in 1993. +# The dates are (copied exactly from the table in the paper): +# +# Summer Time Double Summer Time +# Year Start End Start End +# 1916 21 May 1 October +# 1917 8 April 17 September +# 1918 24 March 30 September +# 1919 30 March 29 September +# 1920 28 March 25 October +# (extended from +# 27 Sep. because +# of coal strike) +# +# 1921 3 April 3 October +# 1922 26 March 8 October +# 1923 22 April 16 September +# 1924 30 April 21 September +# 1925 to 3rd Sunday 1st Sunday +# 1938 in April in October +# +# 1939 16 April 19 November +# 1940 25 February continued +# 1941 continued continued 4 May 10 August +# 1942 continued continued 5 April 9 August +# 1943 continued continued 4 April 15 August +# 1944 continued continued 2 April 17 September +# 1945 continued 7 October 2 April 15 July +# +# 1946 14 April 6 October +# 1947 16 March 2 November 13 April 10 August +# 1948 14 March 31 October +# 1949 3 April 30 October +# 1950 16 April 22 October +# 1951 15 April 21 October +# 1952 20 April 26 October +# +# 1953 19 April 4 October +# 1954 11 April 3 October +# 1955 17 April 2 October +# 1956 15 April 7 October +# 1957 14 April 6 October +# 1958 20 April 5 October +# 1959 19 April 4 October +# 1960 10 April 2 October +# +# 1961 26 March 29 October +# 1962 25 March 28 October +# 1963 31 March 27 October +# 1964 22 March 25 October +# 1965 21 March 24 October +# 1966 20 March 23 October +# 1967 19 March 29 October +# +# 1968 18 February continued +# 1969 continued continued +# 1970 continued continued +# 1971 continued 31 October +# 1972 19 March 29 October +# 1973 18 March 28 October +# 1974 17 March 27 October +# +# 1975 16 March 26 October +# 1976 21 March 24 October +# 1977 20 March 23 October +# 1978 19 March 29 October +# 1979 18 March 28 October +# 1980 16 March 26 October +# 1981 29 March 25 October +# +# 1982 28 March 24 October +# 1983 27 March 23 October +# 1984 25 March 28 October +# 1985 31 March 27 October +# 1986 30 March 26 October +# 1987 29 March 25 October +# 1988 27 March 23 October +# +# 1989 26 March 29 October +# 1990 25 March 28 October +# 1991 31 March 27 October +# 1992 29 March 25 October +# +# These dates agree with the ones from Whitaker's Almanac for 1960--87. . . + +# From Arthur David Olson (January 19, 1989): # # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. -# 1960 April 10 October 2 (yes, 2, according to the almanac) -# 1961 March 26 October 29 -# 1962 March 25 October 28 -# 1963 March 31 October 27 -# 1964 March 22 October 25 -# 1965 March 21 October 24 -# 1966 March 20 October 23 -# 1967 March 19 October 29 -# 1968 February 18 October 27 -# "British Standard Time, also one hour ahead of G. M. T., was kept between -# 1968 Oct. 27-1971 Oct. 31." -# 1972 March 19 October 29 -# 1973 March 18 October 28 -# 1974 March 17 October 27 -# 1975 March 16 October 26 -# 1976 March 21 October 24 -# 1977 March 20 October 23 -# 1978 March 19 October 29 -# 1979 March 18 October 28 -# 1980 March 16 October 26 -# 1981 March 29 October 25 -# 1982 March 28 October 24 -# 1983 March 27 October 23 -# 1984 March 25 October 28 -# 1985 March 31 October 27 -# 1986 March 30 October 26 -# 1987 March 29 October 25 # From an Anonymous U. K. Donor (January 4, 1989): # @@ -69,39 +145,69 @@ # [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament. # If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in # politics making a fortune, not computing. -# -# Summer time ends on Sunday 29 October 1989. - -# ... -# Date: 5 Jan 89 09:50:38 GMT (Thu) -# From: Peter Kendell -# ... -# -# From my Collins Diary for 1989 - -# -# "At the time of going to press the Home Office was unable to confirm -# the 1989 starting and finishing dates for BST*, but expressed the -# view that 26 March and 29 October were the likeliest dates to be -# adopted" -# -# *British Summer Time. - -# From an Anonymous U. K. Donor (January 5, 1989): -# -# . . .our government is seriously considering applying Double Summer Time - -# putting the clocks forwards and back TWO hours for daylight saving time. -# This is advocated to standardise time in the EEC - we're all supposed to -# keep the same time and to change the clocks on the same dates in the future. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -# Historic starting rules +# 1916 to 1925--irregular +Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - Mar 21 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Apr 8 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Mar 24 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Mar 30 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Sep 29 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Mar 28 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Oct 25 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Apr 3 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Oct 3 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Mar 26 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Oct 8 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1923 only - Apr 22 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1923 only - Oct 16 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1924 only - Apr 30 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1924 only - Sep 21 1:00s 0 GMT +# 1925 to 1939 start--regular +Rule GB-Eire 1925 1939 - Apr Sun>=15 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1925 1938 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00s 0 GMT +# 1939 end to 1947--irregular, and with double summer time +Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1940 only - Feb 25 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1941 only - May 4 1:00s 2:00 DST +Rule GB-Eire 1941 only - Aug 10 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1942 only - Apr 5 1:00s 2:00 DST +Rule GB-Eire 1942 only - Aug 9 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1943 only - Apr 4 1:00s 2:00 DST +Rule GB-Eire 1943 only - Aug 15 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1944 only - Apr 2 1:00s 2:00 DST +Rule GB-Eire 1944 only - Sep 17 1:00s 1:00 BST +# Double daylight starts on a Monday in 1945? +Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Apr 2 1:00s 2:00 DST +Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Jul 15 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Oct 7 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1946 only - Apr 14 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1946 only - Oct 6 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Mar 16 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Apr 13 1:00s 2:00 DST +Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Aug 10 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Nov 2 1:00s 0 GMT +# So much for double saving time. 1948 and 1949, irregular. +Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Mar 14 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Oct 31 1:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Apr 3 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 GMT +# 1950 through start of 1953, regular. +Rule GB-Eire 1950 1953 - Apr Sun>=14 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Oct Sun>=21 1:00s 0 GMT +# 1954 to 1980, starting rules +Rule GB-Eire 1954 only - Apr 11 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1955 1959 - Apr Sun>=14 1:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr 10 1:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 1:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 1:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 1:00s 1:00 BST -# Historic ending rules -Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Oct 2 1:00s 0 GMT +# 1953 to 1971, ending rules +Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1961 1967 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 1:00s 0 GMT # Current rules