The absolute value (or modulus) |x| of a real number x is the#NEWLINE#non-negative value of x without regard to its sign.#NEWLINE##SYNTAXHIGHLIGHT#Example: abs(-237.25)#NORMALTEXT##NEWLINE#
The sign function or signum function is used to extract the sign of a number.#NEWLINE#Thus sgn(x) is 1 when x is positive, and sgn(x) is -1 when x is negative.#NEWLINE##SYNTAXHIGHLIGHT#Example: sgn(-23.94)#NORMALTEXT##NEWLINE#
Rounding a numerical value means replacing it by another value that is#NEWLINE#approximately equal but has a shorter, simpler, or more explicit#NEWLINE#representation. Amath rounds a number to the nearest integer.#NEWLINE#
Truncation is limiting the number of digits right of the decimal point,#NEWLINE#by discarding the least significant ones. Amath truncates a number to#NEWLINE#the nearest integer.#NEWLINE##SYNTAXHIGHLIGHT#Example: trunc(-23.94#NEWLINE#
Sine is the trigonometric function that for an acute angle is the#NEWLINE#ratio between the leg opposite the angle when it is considered#NEWLINE#part of a right triangle and the hypotenuse.#NEWLINE#
Cosine is the trigonometric function that for an acute angle is the#NEWLINE#ratio between the leg adjacent to the angle when it is considered#NEWLINE#part of a right triangle and the hypotenuse.#NEWLINE#
Tangent is one of the trigonometry functions. In a right triangle,#NEWLINE#the tangent of an angle is the opposite side over the adjacent side.#NEWLINE#
The cotangent cot(x), ctg(x) or ctn(x), is the reciprocal of tan(x).#NEWLINE#The cotangent is the ratio of the length of the adjacent side to the length of the opposite side.#NEWLINE#
; Partly from https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions
The secant sec(x) is the reciprocal of cos(x).#NEWLINE#The secant is the ratio of the length of the hypotenuse to the length of the adjacent side.#NEWLINE#So called because it is the tangent of the complementary or co-angle.#NEWLINE#
; Partly from https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions
The cosecant csc(x) or cosec(x), is the reciprocal of sin(x).#NEWLINE#The cosecant is the ratio of the length of the hypotenuse to the length of the opposite side.#NEWLINE#So called because it is the secant of the complementary or co-angle.#NEWLINE#
; Partly from https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions